The review for the
specification completeness is performed during which of the following cycles.
Requisition cycle (not award)
>>>>
The
schedule risk is the _____Critical
Path adjusted by "high-risk" activity float.
>>>>>>>
Acquisition
is not a method of government procurement. (seal bidding, competitive
proposals, assistance ,small purchases are)
>>>>>>>
The scope
baseline/project charter is prepared by the:
Project
manager, project sponsor and customer/user
>>>>>>>
Warranty cost is an
example of an _____ .
External
failure cost
>>>>
In crashing a task, you
would focus on:
Accelerating
performance of tasks on critical path. (not non critical path)
>>>>
Work authorization
forms are needed in order to:
Authorize line
organizations to charge against the project, establish an audit trail, Develop
a structured methodology for release of funds
>>>>>The five major cost categories of quality are
_____ .
prevention,
appraisal, internal failures, external failures, and equipment (measurement and
test).
>>>>The formalization of
management's attitude toward risk is called _____utility theory (not
sensitivity analysis, decision theory, decision tree analysis/probability)
>>>>>>
The range of time
allowed for an activity to be completed in is the _____.
Scheduled time (LF - ES)., (Float time (LS - ES, or LF - EF) ; Critical
time (when ES = LS, or EF = LF).)
>>>>>
A(n) _____ is defined
as a specified accomplishment in a particular instant in time which does not
consume time or resources.
Event
(not activity)
>>>>
Attributes quality data
are:
quality data for
which the products or services is designed and built., quantitative & qualitative data, (not
reflect measurements on a continuous scale of a characteristic of the product
or service)
>>>>>>
Variables quality data
are:
quality data for
which the product or service is designed and built, reflect measurements on a
continuous scale of a characteristic of the produce or service.
>>>>
Cost forecasting
calculations include:
EAC = ACWP + (BAC
- BCWP). , EAC = BAC/CPI
>>>>>
The core function of
the PM is
Project
integration (not client interfacing , quality assurance, personal
administration)
>>>>
Which theory(s)
prescribes a form of participative management?
Theory
Y (not theory z/X)
>>>
Forecasting human
resource requirements necessitates making predictions about both the supply and
demand of human resources. Which of the following is not a method used to
forecast the demand for human resources?
PERT
CHART( Instead dephi method, Regression/Time
series Analysis, staffing table)
>>>>
In crashing a task, you
would focus on:
Accelerating
performance of tasks on critical path.
>>>>
Arbitration is a _____
approach to conflict management in resolving conflict disputes.
Lose-lose
>>>>
Core Processes – Clear dependencies & same order
DC AFO – Definitive (5%),Capital Cost(10-15%) , Appropriate(15-25%), Feasibility(25-35%) , Order Of Magnitude(>35%)
Information gathering techniques for Risk Identification – Delphi Techniques, SWOT Analysis , Brainstorming
OUTPUT of Solicitation Planning - Evaluation Criteria, Procurement Documents, Statement of work updates
COMMUNICATION – is a knowledge areas that form parts of Project Closure
A
quality audit is to identify lessons learned that can improve performance of
this project
Communication planning
is most tightly linked with what process: Organizational Planning
Which equation
correctly illustrates the cost variance of a project, in cunency?
BCWP-ACWP PMBOK Figure 10-3, 10.3.2.4
The percentage of cost
variance of your project is BCWP/ACWP
The two phases used in
Project Cost Management are: Controlling & Planning
Parametric Modeling and
Analogous Estimating are used in what process: Cost Estimating Tools and Techniques
A tool or technique for
cost control?
Cost change control
system
Performance measurement
Additional planning
Human Resource
Management is a knowledge area that
involves organizational theory as a tool/technique?
Cost Budgeting is
defined as: Allocating
the cost estimates to the individual work items
The cost baseline is an
output of what process? Cost budgeting
The primary
conmunication skills you will use in working with your project sponsor will be:
problem solving & team building
with project team members & NEGOTIATION with functional managers
Example of project
integration management:
At project closure you transition the
project operations into ongoing operations
Insuring that the product scope and the
project scope are consistent.
A change in the project scope necessitates
changes to the schedule and the budget.
PMBOK 4
Configuration
Management, Performance Measurement and Project Management Information Systems
are all: Tools and
techniques used in overall change control
A tool or technique for overall change control
– Performance measurement, configuration management, Project management info
sys.
A tool / technique for
project plan exec – work authorization sys,general mgmt skills, product
knowledge & skills
Meredith & Mantel
describe four varieties of project termination - Termination by Extinction,Integration , Starvation
"To
Complete Performance Index" (TCPI) is calculated by: Dividing the budgeted cost of the
remaining work by the difference between the estimate at completion and actual
costs to date
A management control
that rarely changes, and then only in response to defined criteria, such as a
change in scope is called a: Project baseline
Input
into solicitation planning are Procurement
management plan, Statement work, Project Schedule
A make or buy analysis
is used as: A technique
for procurement planning
Techniques
for Source Selection- Weighting & Screening system, Independent estimates
Outputs
from the Initiation process include: Project Charter, assumptions, constraints
PMBOK 5.1.3
Product documentation
is input to what process scope
verification
Tools & Techniques establishing the schedule
baseline.: Duration
compression, Resource Leveling Heuristics, PERT
PMBOK 5.2.3.1 Project charter -> Scope statement , scope definition
Scoring models,
comparative approaches and benefit contribution are all part of
Benefit measurement models for selecting
a project
Scope verification is a
part of : Project Execution
output of scope change
control? Scope changes, corrective action, lesson learned
input of scope change
control – Performance Report PMBOK
5.5
Work Breakdown structure : It is a
deliverable oriented grouping of project element.1
The document that
describes the project's scope baseline is:
Work breakdown
structure
The two closing
procedures are called: Contract
close out and administrative closure
A work package is:a deliverable at the lowest level of the
Work Breakdown Structure
Overall change control
is concerned with Determining
that a change has occurred, Managing changes as they occur, creating change request
input to overall change
control : performance report, change request ,project plan
a standard inclusion in
a change control system? The
responsibilities of the change control board, How to handle changes in
emergencies, Procedures to handle changes that may be approved without prior
review
a part of the
controlling process? Schedule & cost
Document the change order and buy blue
paint PMBOK 4.3
input to the
information distribution process? Work results
>>>>>>>
Justification:
Please refer to Transference
PMBOK 2000 Page 142
PMPExamPrep note: If the design is unstable, there is a potential that the
seller also will not be deliver to specifications. Hence there is a risk that
the project will not succeed, and both the seller and buyer will be impacted.
Fixed Price contract for transference of risk is only effective if the project
design is stable
>>>
In
a Normal Distribution, the PERT duration (also called mean) = (Pessimistic + 4*
(Most Likely) + Optimistic)/6
= (10 + 4 * 13 + 16)/6
= 13
1 Standard Deviation (sigma) = (Pessimistic - Optimistic) / 6
= (16 - 10) / 6
= 1
Mean - 6 sigma = 13 - 6* 1 = 7
Mean + 6 sigma = 13 + 6* 1 = 19
So, if the the company has a quality requirement of 6 sigma, then the task can
be completed within 7 days to 19 days.
To know more about 6 sigma calculations, please refer to
>>>>>
an
output from the Contract Closeout process? Contract File
>>
Corrective
Action is an output of Integrated Change Control and not a "Tool".
>>
In
schedule development, you create a distribution of probable results for each
activity and use it to calculate distribution of probable results for the total
project. The technique that you are using is: Monte Carlo Analysis
Simulation
involves calculating multiple project durations with different sets of activity
assumptions.
<>>>>
Proposals are an output from Solicitation . All
the following are outputs from Solicitation Planning Procurement Documents, Evaluation Criteria, Statement of Work Updates
>>>>
Product
documentation refers to the documents produced to describe the projects
products - it includes plans, drawings and specifications.
>>>
Risks
and Triggers are outputs of:
Risk Identification
>>>
Output
of the Scope Initiation Process? Project Manager Identified, project charter , assumptions &
constraints
(scope mgmt plan
is not one of the output)
>>>>
All
the following are examples of Constrained Optimization : Logical Framework Analysis, Multi Objective
Programming, Decision Trees. Economic Models are
part of Benefit Measurement methods.
>>>>
Mathematical
Models are used as part of Parametric Modeling
true
about Analogous Estimating: Also
called top-down estimating, Used to estimate
total project costs without detailed information about project., Actual cost of
a previous small project is used for creating estimates
>>>>
parametric
cost estimating techniques uses the statistics model .
>>>
0.2 of the extra costs of
the project can often be attributed to a lack of quality. (not 0.25/1)
>>>>
A
budget estimate should give the manager cost data accurate to within: -10 to +25 percent of actual cost
>>>
The two types of
parametric estimates are Regression
analysis & Learning Curves
>>>>
One common way to compute EAC is to take the
BAC and Divide by CPI
>>>>
The Work Breakdown
Structure (WBS) is the basis for communicating:
Project scope, cost control, schedule,
quality
>>>>
Risk event probability
is defined as:
The total number of possible events
divided into the expectations or frequency of the risk event
>>>>
Scheduling systems such
as PERT, ADM, and PDM are project management tools to be used by:
The project manager and project office
personnel, project team & functional manager.
>>>
A process
characteristic has a true mean of 150 and a true standard deviation of 20. A
sample of 25 items is taken from this process. The standard error of the
estimate is:4
>>>
Developing alternative
activity sequences is an example of:
Contingency planning
>>>
To be able to be relied
on in the rest of the risk management process, the risks identified for the
project, it would be MOST important to complete which of the following? Data
precision ranking
>>>>
Qualitative risk analysis is part of the risk
management process uses data precision as an input
>>>
Two people are in the
process of estimating probabilities for each of their identified risks. Which
step of risk management is this? Risk quantification
>>>>
What are the tools and
Techniques for Project Plan Development?
Project Planning methodologies,
Stakeholder's Skills, PMIS and Earned Value Management
>>>>
A process
characteristic has a true mean of 150 and a true standard deviation of 20. A
sample of 25 items is taken from this process. The standard error of the
estimate is:
The
standard error is standard deviation divided by square root of the sample. For
this example, it's 20/5=4.
Opinion:
The margin of error in a sample of size n is 1/sqr(n). So, in this question the
margin of error = 1/sqrt(25)=0.2. The value of mean and standard deviation is
irrelevant for this question.
Counter-Opinion: It asks about the standard error not the margin of error.
>>>>
(Sequence
of administrative closure: acceptance of product, completion of lessons learned,
archive records & release resources)
>>>
The knowlege area that comes into play when a
cost estimate is needed for a contingency plan is Project integration management PMBOK p41 Chap 4: (b) the others are red
herrings
>>>
What
value does the WBS provide to the project?
- Responsibility Assignments can be made to each task
- Estimated Costs can be developed accurately
- Entire project can be portrayed
- Objectives can be linked to resources
- Provides basis for the scope of project
>>>
The future value of
$3000 invested for 5 years at 12 interest is:
$ 5,287.00 FV=PV(1+r)^t
>>>>
A control chart shows
that the last eight pipes produced were all less than average weight. You need
to inform management that there is a problem because the situation violates
the:
rule of
seven.
>>>>>
Amount
at Stake is the cost of investment loss + least cost to
restore status quo.
>>>>>
In which of the
following is the cost of risk hidden by the contractor?
Cost Plus
Percentage of Cost
>>>
The cost of a quality
program should be budgeted at __3.5%___ of the total project.
>>>
Which of the following
control types has the highest risk to the owner:
Time and
material (T&M) & TO THE
CONTRACTOR IS Firm fixed price (FFP)
>>>
a
method used to forecast the demand for human resources? Delphi Method, Regression Analysis,
staffing table, Time Series Analysis
>>>>
The formalization of
management's attitude toward risk is called _____ .
Utility
Theory
>>>>
The
most frequently used construct in Precedent Diagramming Method is: Finish to
start
>>>
The specification for a particular part is 10" + or - 0.015". The
standard associated process produces parts with a means of 10" and
standard deviation of 0.002'. The process capability index is: 2.5
>>>
Which of the following
is indicative of negative float?
The late
start date is earlier than the early start date.
>>>>
Line of balance charts
are used most frequently in:
Manufacturing
>>>>
Project tradeoffs are
usually made by comparing _____ and constraints.
Cost, quality & technical performance
>>>
Standard
"Shewhart" control charts assume that the distribution of sample
means is:
Normal & symmetrical
>>>
Risk exposure refers to _____the amount at stake
>>>
A quality control
manager decides to increase his daily sample size from three to six. The size
of the control band will:
- Decrease
>>>
Risk mitigation is the
process of _____ .
reducing uncertainty on the project
>>>
A quality control
manager decides to increase his daily sample size from three to six. The size
of the control band will:
Decrease (not increase)
>>>
Control charts can be used to establish as
well as maintain process control
>>>
Cost forecasting
calculations include:
EAC = ACWP + (BAC - BCWP)
EAC = BAC/CPI
>>>>
team members are more likely to be assigned
to the project office in a strong matrix
>>>>
The functional
organization is effective with a mature product or single product line.
True
>>>
Considering alternate
suppliers is a form of _____.
Value engineering
>>>
Which of the following
organizations has the best technical project control?
Technical & Projectized
>>>
The estimated cost to
complete (ETC) is _____.
the forecasted and final cost - cost to
date
>>>>
The ability to achieve
cost savings is inversely proportional to _____.
the earned value achieved to date
>>>
Which of the following
is based on an individual identification with a more powerful person.
Referent power
>>>
The role of the _____
can be invaluable in problem solving.
Devil advocate
>>>
Which of the following
are types of status reports?
cost, schedule, technical performance
>>>>
Using "I" or
"My' instead of "most people" or "our group" ______
message credibility.
Increase
>>>>
Which of the following
can be tracked using the WBS?
Scope
>>>
Which type of contract
provides the highest risk to the Owner (Buyer)?
Cost Plus Percentage of Cost
>>>>
In negotiations, what
is a fait accompli tactic?
Claiming an issue has already been
decided on and cannot be changed
>>>
In general, product
specifications are best developed by __________.
Technical staff
>>>
Allocating human
resources is most straightforward in what type of organization?
Functional
>>>
In general, if a
division's activities are focused on the achievement of a single major project,
what is the way for it to structure its operation?
Functional structure
>>>
Constrained
optimization methods of project selection include:
Scoring method
>>>
In typical project
situations, who among the following has the smallest role to play in selecting
projects?
Purchasing expert
>>>
The project __________
prescribes the guidelines within which a project is organized, administered,
and managed for the timely accomplishment of project objectives.
Management plan NOT charter
>>
Selection of an
organization to prosecute a project depends upon three key items: degree of
advanced technology in the project, percentage of project personnel in the
professional category, and the __________ for the project.
Level of uncertainty
>>>
A summary activity in a
network logic diagram is often referred to as a HAMMOCK
>>>
A request for proposal
(RFP) is used to:
solicit bids from contractors/
maintain control over unauthorized work
changes (wh is correct? CT2005_Q103)
>>>
Constrained
optimization methods of project selection include:
Scoring methods not ‘benefit-cost’ ratio,…etc
>>>
A summary activity in a
network logic diagram is often referred to as a
Hammock
>>>
Change control
requests:
Are inputs to integrated change control
>>>
Work-authorization system_________ is the formal
procedure for sanctioning project work to ensure it is done at the right time.
>>>
Which method does not
use boxes or nodes to represent work or activities?
ADM (PERT,PDM &
GERT does use it)
>>>
Which is a tool or
technique of the schedule development process?
Duration compression
>>>
Which type of cost
estimate is based on individual activities?
Bottom up (not analogous/parametric)
>>
Using the chart below,
what is the cost variance?
PV=$10,000
EV=$12,000
AC=$15,000
Answer: -3000 (PMBOK
2000 - PG 123)
>>>
Which is not a part of
the cost budgeting process? Resource requirement ,(project schedule, cost
estimates, WBS are ) PMBOK 2000 – PG 89
>>>
Earned Value is:
budgeted value of work actually accomplished (PMBOK 2000 – PG 123)
>>>
The future value of
$3000 invested for 5 years at 12 interest is: 5287
FV = PV(1+R)
(Superscript "n") where PV is present value, R is int rate, n is num
yr
>>>
Which of the following
is not part of the quality assurance process?
Quality policy ( quality audits/improvement,operational definitions)
>>>
A packing process
results a product with a mean weight of 8 ounces. The process has a standard
deviation of 0.5 ounce. What percentage of samples will weigh between 7.5 and 8
ounces? 34.13
--One STD , 68.3% of
samples Two STD , 95.5% of samples Three STD, 99.7% of samples One STD for this
question would range from 7.5 to 8.5. Question asks for 7.5 to 8, assuming ½
the deviations are over and ½ are under the answer would then be half the
deviation percentile or 34.13%
>>>>
Which of the following
is a primary motivational tool of McGregor’s Theory X?
Safety
>>>
Which of the following
is not part of a modern quality management concept?
|
A. |
Performance standard is zero defects |
|
B. |
Quality must be inspected in
(answer)XXXX |
|
C. |
85% of failures occur because of the process, not the worker |
|
D. |
Quality is a 4 cycle process – plan/do/check/act |
A IS CROSBY’S THEORY, C
IS TAGUCHI THEORY, D IS DEMING THEORY. Quality is designed not inspected into a
product is part of Taguchi theory.
>>>
Which of the following
is an input to the team development process?
External Feedback
PMBOK 2000 – PG 108
>>>>>>
Which theory specifies
money as an important employee motivator?
Theory X Mcgregor
>>>
the information
distribution process? Project plan, project
records , communication skills
>>>
Risk response planning
is one of the _______________ processes
planning facilitating processes
>>>>
Estimated at Completion
is determined by:
ETC + ACWP
, BAC/CPI
>>>
Parametric cost
estimating involves:
Using rates and factors based on
historical experience to estimate costs
>>>>
A cost management plan
is: A plan for describing
how cost variances will be managed
>>>>
Cost estimating: Involves developing an estimate of the costs of the resources
needed to complete project activities,
Includes identifying and considering
various costing alternatives
>>>>
CT2005
180-183
>>>
A histogram ordered by
frequency of occurrence that shows how many results were generated by each
identified cause is:
Pareto Diagram
>>>>
The practice of ceasing
mass inspections and ending awards based on price is credited to:
Edward Deming
>>>>
The concept that it is
easier and less costly to do the work right the first time is called: DTRTRTFT
>>>>
What percentage of
sales is estimated to be the cost of non-quality?
12-20%
>>>>
A series of consecutive
points on the same side of the average is called:
Run
>>>
80% of the problems are
found in 20% of the work is a concept of:
-Pareto
>>>
The input to organizational
planning consists of
Project interfaces, staffing
requirements, and constraints
>>>
outputs of
Organizational Planning:- Project
organization charg, staffing management plan, project template, supporting
detail
>>>>
A project manager who
has a low concern for personal goals and a high concern for relationships is
practicing which style of conflict resolution?
Yield – Lose
>>>
A key component of
concurrent engineering is
Involving the implementors of a project
in the design phase
>>>>
The three types of
power available to the project manager based solely on his or her position in
the organization include
Formal, reward, penalty
>>>>
In both the weak and
strong matrix organizatoinal structures, the primary condition leading to
conflict is
Ambiguous jurisdictions
>>>>
The chances for
succesful completion of a multidisciplinary project are increased if project
team members are
Problem oriented
>>>>
The terms strong matrix
and weak matrix when applied to the matrix structure in project organization
refer to the
Degree of authority the project manage
has over team resources
>>>
The key to achieving
and maintaining success in the role of a project manager is the use of
Reward & expert
power
>>>>
When appointed, a
project manager has the inherent forms of legitimate power conveyed to him/her.
The three forms of legitimate power are ________.
formal, reward, and penalty
>>>>>
two forms of power that
are obtained through other than a formal appointment (legitimate power). These
two forms of power are ________. expert and referent
>>>>>
There is a long-term
need to develop individuals within a company to assume positions of leadership
and greater responsibility. Comparing the functional and project organization,
the opportunity for personnel development ________.
-is greater in the
project organization
>>>
A mandatory
prerequisite for team building is
A commitment from top
level mgmt
>>>
Project Human Resource
Management is divided into
Organizational planning, staff
acquisition, and team development
>>>
A chart that shows the
level of all project resources by time period is known as a
Resource Spreadsheet
>>>
Adjusting the timing of
tasks so that resources are not over committed is called
Resource Levelling
>>>
What are Maslow's three
highest levels of human needs?
Self-actualization, esteem, and social
>>>
A project is considered
closed when the:
Archives are completed
(not when contract finish/client accept products)
>>>
What is the LAST thing
to do in project closure?
Release the team (not update archives)
>>>>
The project is
completed and the final deliverable has been sent to the customer, but the
customer refuses to give final acceptance on the project. It is MOST important
for the project manager to:
Document the situation
<<<
What is the BEST
technique to ensure proper contract closure?
Procurement audits
>>> (if
contract closes, then procurement audit found some problem, project still
consider complete)
>>>>
Scope verification IS
NOT PART of Administrative closure
>>>
Which of the following
is a common problem in administrative closure?
Retaining resources to
complete the project
>>>
Administrative closure
is different than contract closure in that:
contract closure includes an audit while
administrative closure does not.
>>>
Which of the following
regarding performance reporting is correct?
It is done during control and closure.
(not execution/planning & control)
>>>
A seller has failed to
make delivery on a major item for your project. What should you do?
Have the contracting officer terminate
the contract for default
>>>
CT_2004 (lots of CLOSURE contracts,
communication ques..)
>>>
When a seller breaches
a contract, the buyer cannot receive
Punitive damages ( check Mr.dic what’s arbitrary?- neutral
party to solve contract termination problem)
>>>
Which item is NOT a
basic element of a contract?
Pricing structure
(offer, acceptance, consideration)
>>>
During solicitation
planning, the project team is responsible for
Developing the procurement documents
>>>>
Which term describes
those costs that are associated with two or more projects but are not traceable
to each of them individually?
Indirect ( not fixed,
direct , variable)
>>>>
A purchase order is a
good example of which form of contracting?
Unilateral (not
bilateral/trilateral. severable)
>>>
Requirements for
inspection and acceptance are defined in the
Contract (not
procurement plan)
>>>
What is the BEST
technique to ensure proper contract closure?
Procurement audits (
not formal acceptance)
>>>
All of the following
are part of administrative closure EXCEPT?
Scope Verification (the
rest are update empl. Skills, record reasons for termination, transfer info
from one phase to another)
>>>
A project team has
completed all the technical project deliverables, and the customer has accepted
the deliverables. However, the lessons learned required by the project office
have not been completed. What is the status of the project?
The project is incomplete until all
deliverables are complete and accepted.
>>>
Closure includes all
the of the following EXCEPT:
determining performance measures.
(include only appraisal review of team, documenting the degree to which each project phase was properly
closed after its completion. / documenting final project scope)
>>>
A buyer has negotiated
a fixed-price incentive contract with the seller. The contract has a target
cost of $200K, a target profit of $30K, and a target price of $230K. The buyer
has also negotiated a ceiling price of $270K and a share ratio of 70/30. If the
seller completes the contract with actual costs of $170K, how much profit will
the buyer pay the seller?
39K ??? how to derive??
>>>
Scoring models,
comparative approaches and benefit contribution are all part of:
Benefit measurement models for selecting
a project (PMBOK 5.1.2.1)
>>>
During the schedule
development process the Project Manager may have to go through several
iterations of the schedule before establishing the schedule baseline. All of
the following are tools and techniques that may be used during this process:
Duration compression, Resource Leveling
Heuristics, PERT
>>>
The "To Complete
Performance Index" (TCPI) is calculated by:
Dividing the budgeted cost of the
remaining work by the difference between the estimate at completion and actual
costs to date
>>>>
The amount of time that
an activity can be delayed from its early start without delaying the project
end date is called:
TOTAL FLOAT & FLOAT
(Free float is the amount of time an activity
can be delayed without affecting the start time of the succeeding activity )
>>>
What are you likely to
see as a project progresses in a schedule with must fix dates and little or no
slack?
Negative Float
>>>In crashing the schedule, you
would focus on:
Accelerating the performance of tasks on the critical path
>>>>
To calculate the late
start and late finish dates for a set of tasks, you must do:
A backwards pass (not a forward pass/ analysis of the critical
path)
>>>>>>
A network diagram that
uses nodes to represent activities and arrows to show the activity dependencies
and allows no loops is called:
AON
>>>>
Which of the following
choices indicates that a project has a burn rate of 1.2? Hint: Burn rate is the
same as the Cost Performance Index
CPI=BCWP/ACWP=1.2 This means that for every
dollar spent, the project is acheiving $1.20 of value
>>>>
The inputs to Cost
Budgeting includes all of the following except:
Cost baselines are outputs to Cost Budgeting & input to Cost
Control ( input-cost estimates, WBS ,
Project Schedule)
>>>>
Estimated at Completion
is determined by:
ETC + ACWP & BAC/CPI
>>>
During what Time Management
Process are the specific activities that must be performed to produce the
deliverables in the WBS identified and documented?
Activity Definition
>>>>
Parametric cost
estimating involves:
Using rates and factors based on historical experience to estimate
costs
>>>>
A cost management plan
is: a plan for describing how cost
variance will be managed?
>>>>
The process of
evaluating overall project performance on a regular basis to provide confidence
that the project will satisfy the relevant quality standards is called:
Quality Assurance ( not
quality control / planning/ review)
>>>>
A histogram ordered by
frequency of occurrence that shows how many results were generated by each
identified cause is:
Pareto Diagram ( Statistical / Juran / Fishbone diagram)
>>>>
Tools and techniques
used during the Quality Planning process include:
Benefit/Cost Analysis , Bench Marking ( not Quality audits as it’s used during Quality Assurance)
>>>
The practice of ceasing mass inspections and
ending awards based on price is credited to: Edward Deming ( not Philip Crosby,
Juran, pareto)
>>>
What percentage of
sales is estimated to be the cost of non-quality? 12-20%
>>>
A series of consecutive
points on the same side of the average is called: RUN
>>>
A tool that analyzes
the inputs to a process to identify the causes of errors is called:
Cause and effect diagram &
Ishikawa Diagram
>>>>
process of project
human resource management? Organization planning, team development, Staff
Acquisition
>>>
Recruitment practices
is an input of Staff Acquisition not an input into organizational planning?
Organizational planning
INPUT are project interfaces, staffing requirement, constraints.
>>>
When should the project
expeditor form of organization be used?
When a project's cost and importance are
relatively low
>>>
The belief that
management's high levels of trust, confidence and commitment to workers leads
to high levels of motivation and productivity on the part of workers is a part
of which motivation theory? THEORY Z
>>>
The staffing management
plan often includes resource histograms, A document or tool which describes
when and how human resources will be brought onto and taken off the project
team
>>>
A tool which links the
project roles and responsibilities to the project scope definition is called:
Responsibility Assignment Matrix
>>>>
Decoding is deciphering a message once
assimilated ; In communications management, to assimilate through the mind or
senses is the process of: RECEIVING
>>>
The three major types
of communication are:
Written, verbal, and non-verbal (it’s not electronic/graphics)
>>>>>
The outputs of performance reporting are
change requests and performance reports. Stakeholder reports are examples of
performance reports and B are examples of the formats for performance reports
(S curves, histogram, bar chart & tables)
:: Trend Analysis is NOT output
>>>
A tight matrix is: Where all team members are brought together in one location
>>>
What are the four parts
of the communications model?
Sender, Message, Medium, Receiver
>>>>
A leadership style in
which the project manager shares problems with team members and formulates
solutions as a group is called: CONSENSUS
>>>
A type of organization
in which the project manager has little formal authority and basically acts as
a staff assistant to an executive who is ultimately responsible for the project
is called:
Project expediter (not
project coordinator)
>>>>
In which of the
following organizations is the project manager role likely to be part-time?
Balanced Matrix
>>>>
Management reserves are
used to handle which type of risk?
Unknown unknowns
>>>
Which of the following
techniques accounts for path convergence and generally estimates project
durations more accurately?
Schedule simulation (not
path convergence method, PERT, CPM)
>>>>
Most schedule
simulations are based on some form of which of the following?
Monte Carlo Analysis
>>>>
The independence of two
events in which the occurrence of one is not related to the occurrence of the
other is called:
Statistical independent
( not probability independent)
>>>>
The one document that
should always be used to help identify risk is the: WBS
>>>
Which of the following
processes involves obtaining information (bids and proposals. from prospective
sellers? Solicitation (not solicitation
planning, procurement planning)
>>>>
Which of the following
is a method for quantifying qualitative data in order to minimize the effect of
personal prejudice on source selection?
Weighted system ( not screening system, selecting
system)
>>>>
Which of the following
are inputs to the Source Selection Process?
Evaluation criteria , organizational policies
(Proposals is the other input. Procurement documents are input into the
Solicitation Process )
>>>
A significant difference between independent
estimates and proposed pricing could mean that:
The SOW was not adequate,
The prospective seller either misunderstood or failed to respond fully
to the SOW
>>>>
RULE OF SEVEN ????
>>>
The major project scope
management processes include: initiation(not change control/scope
validation/program evaluation)
>>>>>
An input to the scope
change control process is: performance
reports (not customer requirement/ product defects/ work results)
>>>>
Developing a written
scope statement as the basis for future project decisions is called:
Scope planning (not
scope definition, product analysis, project development)
>>>>
Techniques for
conducting product analysis include:
Value engineering ( not technical benefit
analysis, expert judgement, alternatives identification)
>>>>
Scope planning includes
alternatives identification, which can be conducted by the common technique of:
Lateral thinking (not value
engineering)
>>>>
A project management
professional can compare earned value performance data to all of the following
project management tools EXCEPT: forecast final cost/estimates
(should include
Critical path analysis, Technical
performance metrics, mitigation plans)
>>>
core planning processes
are: Scope Planning, Scope Definition, Activity Definition, Activity
Sequencing, Activity Duration Estimating, Schedule Development, Resource
Planning, Cost Estimating, Cost Budgeting, Project Plan Development ::: Comm. Planning is OUT
>>>
PMBOK HR Mgmt, pg 99-101." Team
development includes both enhancing the ability of stakeholders to contribute
as individuals as well as enhancing the ability of the team to function as a
team. Individual development (managerial and technical) is the foundation
necessary to develop the team. Development as a team is critical to the
project's ability to meet its objectives." Difference between Team Devt
and team Building - PMBOK pg 99 section 9.3 Team Development is a process on
the HR Mgmt knowledge area. Team Building is a tools & Technique for the
process (pg 100)
>>>>>>>>>
Which of the following
Project Scope Management processes involves subdividing the major project
deliverables into smaller, more manageable components?
Scope definition (not
scope planning)
>>>>
In which type of
organization(s) is the project manager's role most likely part-time?
Functional & Weak
Matrix
>>>
Management reserves are used to handle which
type of risk?
Unknowns-unknowns , but
contingency reserves is handle risk type of knowns-unknowns
>>>
Which of the following
is true about procurement documents?
Procurement documents are used to solicit
proposals from prospective sellers
Procurement documents should be structured
to facilitate accurate and complete responses from prospective sellers
Invitation for Bid and Request for Proposal
are two examples of procurement documents
>>>>
Scope planning is:
Developing a written scope statement as
the basis for future project decisions
(not Subdividing the project into smaller, more manageable
components)
>>>>
All of the following
are tools for scope verification EXCEPT?
Sensitivity analysis
(audit,walk through, product reviews are)
>>>>
An advantage of a fixed
price contract is:
Cost risk is lower
>>>>
Maslow – self esteem
Herzberg – hygiene
factor
Mcgregor – employee theory
X,Y
Deming - quality stop mass inspection
>>>>
Standard deviation is a
measure of how: far the
measurement is from the mean.
>>>>>
During the source
selection process of procurement, your objective is to obtain the best price
possible. The tool that you will MOST heavily rely upon will be a(n):
independent estimate. (not weighting/
screening system)
>>>>
Which of the following
is an example of the cost of conformance to quality?
Quality training (
not Rework, Scrap, Warranty costs ???)
>>>>
What theory proposes
that efforts will lead to effective performance and will be rewarded for
accomplishments? Expectancy Theory (
not Mcgregor)
>>>
Which of the following
is the highest point in Maslow's hierarchy of needs? Esteem
>>>
During what step in the
procurement process does contract negotiation occur?
Source selection ( not
procurement/solicitation planning, solicitation)
>>>
You are asked to
prepare a budget for completing a project that was started last year and then
shelved for six months. All the following would be included in the budget
EXCEPT?
Sunk cost ( the rest
are included eg. fixed/variable/ Direct cost)
>>>
Which of the following
MUST be an agenda item at all team meetings?
Discussion of project
risks ( not status of tasks/ review of project problems)
>>>
You are managing a
project where your team is physically located with client personnel at a remote
location. There is a high level of interaction between your team and client
personnel, and client satisfaction is considered very important. Since the
client is expressing a very high level of satisfaction with the project's
progress, your management has indicated no concerns about the project. However,
you are behind schedule and over budget. In addition, morale among team members
is low, and several have talked about quitting. Team members complain regularly
about priority adjustments and alteration of tasks. The weekly reports you
receive about activities completed are often difficult to relate to the WBS and
the project plan. What action should you take to MOST effectively address these
problems?
You should enforce scope change control.
(not motivate team??)
>>>>
Your project no longer
ties into the company's objectives. What would be the BEST thing to do? Increase the schedule (not decrease cost)
>>>
Which of the following
is done during scope verification?
Inspection ( not create
wbs, performance measurement,verify product correctness)
>>>>
Which planning output
may be revised and refined as it moves through the procurement process? Statement work ( not contract changes ,
proposal, procurement documents)
>>>
Which of the following
is an advantage of centralized contracting?
Increases company expertise in
contracting
>>>>
The "halo
effect" refers to the tendency to:
move people into project management
because they are good in their technical field.
>>>
The product of the
project is created during:
project plan execution. (not project plan
development/ schedule dvlpm, integrated change control)
>>> **IL_* test prep mostly on procurement ques??
The party that needs
the change resulting from the project, and who will be its custodian on
completion is the Owner (not
sponsor?-another prep say is, not customer/client)
>>>
Critical input to scope
initiation is:
Project charter
>>>
Crosby's Four Absolutes
of Quality Management:
1.What is quality? Quality is conformance to requirements, not goodness.
2.What system is needed to cause quality? Prevention, not detection.
3.What performance standard should be used? Zero-defects, not "that's close
enough".
4.What measurement system is required? Price of conformance andnon-conformance.
>>>>
To make an informed
decision about buying insurance, the project manager needs to determine the
ratio of insurance cost and the expected value of the loss. For example, if the
cost of insurance is $10,000, the value of the property is $200,000, and the
probability of loss is 0.05 (or five percent) the insurance is ________.
--the same
as the cost of the probable loss and there is no advantage
(The EMV is 5% x 200,000 = 10,000 same like the insurance cost )
>>>>>
The single point
standard deviations are 3, 5, 10 and 3 for the critical path. What is the
standard deviation for the entire path?
12 --- The total path standard deviation is calculated by the square root
of the sum of the squares of the activity standard deviations>
>>>>
Using the situation
below and assuming continued efficiency for work-in progress and fixed price
contract for task four.
|
Task |
Budgeted Cost |
BCWS |
ACWP |
BCWP |
|
Task One |
$5K |
$5K |
$6K |
$5K |
|
Task Two |
$6K |
$6K |
$8K |
$4K |
|
Task Three |
$4K |
$2K |
$1K |
$1K |
|
Task Four |
$4K |
$0K |
$0K |
$0K |
The estimate at completion is:26K
(think
formula is Budgeted Cost/ CPI ie
BCWP/ACWP)
Explanation 2:
You should try this problem task wise, i.e. calculate each task separately so:
Task One = 5 / (5/6) = 6
Task Two = 6 / (4/8) = 12
Task Three = 4 / (1/1) = 4
Task Four = 4 (LumpSum)
Total = 26
>>>>
When should the project
baseline be changed?
For all implemented changes (not by the control board)
>>>>
Which of the following
represents information presented in its order of priority and helps focus on
the MOST difficult issues? Pareto chart
>>>>
What is the duration of
a milestone? There is no duration
>>>
Which of the following
BEST describes a risk owner?
The person who will be responsible for
implementing the risk response strategy
>>>>
All of the following
are part of the quality control process EXCEPT?
Bench Marking ( part of quality control process includes Trend
analysis, control charts, Inspection)
>>>>
Which of the following
would not be available during planning?
Cost performance Index CPI (only benefit cost ratio, internal
rate of return, budget completion)
>>>>
The level of detail of
performance reports is described in the:
Communication plan
>>>>
If EV is US $300,000,
AC is US $350,000, and PV is US $375,000, what does the schedule performance
index indicate?
You are only progressing at 80% of the rate originally planned
>>>>>
During the
implementation of a contingency plan a team member notices that the plan worked
only marginally. There were three similar contingency plans developed for other
risks that have not yet happened. He should recommend which of the following?
A project change request ( not workaround)
>>>
Originally a project
has seven activities: A, B, C, D, E, F, and G. A, B and D can start anytime. A
takes three weeks, B takes five weeks, and D takes 11 weeks. A and B must be
completed before C can start. C takes six weeks to complete. B, C, and D must
be completed before E can start, and E takes two weeks. F can start as soon as
C completes and has a duration of four weeks. G takes three weeks and cannot
start until E is completed. F and G must be completed for the project to be
completed. However, during project execution, a dependency was discovered
between activity E and F. What is the BEST thing to do?
Redo Schedule development (not crashing)
>>>
The sponsor of the
project you are managing asks you to compress the duration of the project.
Which of the following is correct?
Fast tracking often results in rework, and crashing often
results in increased cost.
>>>>>
The purpose of a
fishbone diagram is to:
stimulate thinking, organize thoughts, and generate discussion.
>>>>
All of the following
are part of an effective change control system EXCEPT?
Lesson learned (only procedures, meetings, standard for reports)
>>>>
The sponsor wants the
project completed in 40 days. The CPI is 1.1, the project critical path
duration is 38 days with a standard deviation of two days. What is the maximum
project float?
4 days
>>>
Residual risks are
risks that remain after risk response planning. Secondary risks are:
new risks created by the risk response strategies selected.
>>>>
outputs of scope change control
Scope changes, corrective action, lessons learned EXCEPT change requests
>>>>
If two events cannot
both occur in a single trial, they are:
Mutually exclusive ( not statistical independent )
>>>>
Pareto diagram, Sampling, WBS can be used as a quality control
tool except Life cycle costing
>>>>
Which of the following
is part of modern quality management?
Addressing both the project management and the product (not
using the zero defects techniques)
>>>>
Originally a project
had four team members. Now the scope has expanded, and there are a total of six
people on the project team. How many communication channels does the project
have? 15
>>>
There are four people
on the project team, and the project manager adds three more. How many channels
of communication are there now? 21
>>>
A project team is
having difficulty communicating over long distances. There are 13 team members
from two countries when five people from India are added to the project. How
many communication channels are there? 153
>>>
If a project manager
wants to report on the actual project results planned, he would use a:
Variance report (
status report, forecasting report, trend report)
>>>
Inputs to
communications planning include communications
requirements., technology available to transfer information., constraints,
EXCEPT description of
information to be distributed
>>>>
Project coordination is
enhanced through progress reporting, variance reporting, and cross-team
meetings. These are all forms of: quality management (not communication management)
>>>>
The level of detail of
performance reports is described in the:
Communication plans
(not monthly requests for
information by management./ project monthly needs)
>>>>
The project is
completed and the final deliverable has been sent to the customer, but the
customer refuses to give final acceptance on the project. It is MOST important
for the project manager to: document
the situation ( not inform mgmt of the situation)
>>>
In their pure state,
project reports are a method to:
Distribute information
( not report performance / plan communications)
>>>.
The purpose of status
meetings is to:
exchange information about the project.(
not have team members
report on what they are doing, )
>>>
The project manager is
working to clearly describe the level of involvement expected from everyone
involved in the project in order to prevent rework, conflict and coordination
problems. Which of the following BEST describes the project manager's efforts?
Integration management, control,
communications planning
>>>
A contingency plan is
A planned response that defines the steps
to be taken if an identified risk event should occur
A contingency reserve is A reserve used to allow for future
situations which may be planned for only in part
>>>>>
Risk identification should be performed
on a regular basis throughout the project(not during planning/development)
>>>>
The one document that
should always be used to help identify risk is the:
WBS (not risk mgmt
plan)
>>>
In summing probability
distributions what is the formula for Mean?
Mean = (a + m + b) / 3
>>>>
In beta distributions
using PERT approximations what is the formula for Variance?
Variance = [(b - a) / 6] 2
>>>>
When summing the
probability distributions if the distributions are skewed to the __________,
the project mean will always be significantly higher than the sum of the most
likely estimates.
Left
>>>
U cannot eliminate
project risks by doing the risk mgmt plan in project
>>>
Which phase of the
project life cycle typically has the highest uncertainty and risk associated
with it? Concept (not development)
<>>>>
Total Project Risk
is the cumulative sum of the probability
of each individual project risk event times the consequences of occurrence of
that risk event
>>>>
Risk event probability
is determined as:
The total number of possible events
divided into the expectation or frequency of the risk event
>>>
Final risk
quantification and modeling normally considers the impacts of all risks
combined and:
Translated the impacts into economic terms
for analysis , May not consider safety
and environmental impacts
>>>
Sensitivity Analysis
can be used in risk analysis to:
Estimate the effect of change of one
project variable on the overall project
>>>>
All of the following
are outputs of scope change control EXCEPT?
Change Request (the
outputs are Scope changes, corrective action ,lessons learned )
>>>
Quality control tools
are Pareto, Sampling , WBS ( not life cycle costing)
>>>
When should project
baseline be changed? ????
>>>
If a project manager
wants to report on the actual project results planned, he would use a:
Variance report
>>>>
The level of detail of
performance reports is described in the:
Communication plan
>>>
The type of contract
(payment mechanism) chosen for a project is of the degree of risk associated with
completing that project. For a firm fixed price contract, payment for risks:
Is an undisclosed contingency in the contractor's bid
>>>
In Project Risk
Management, Risk Response may include actions to:
reduce the probability of risk events; change the scope, budget,
schedule, or quality specifications of the project;
reduce the consequences or severity of impacts of a potential risk
event
>>>>>>>>
Graphical displays of accumulated costs and
labor hours, plotted as a function of time, are called: S Curve
>>>>
Project Mgmt / Project
planning can address:
Intermediate range planning ( 1 to 5 yrs) &
Short range/ tactical planning (1 yr or less)
>>>>
Preparation of the
Scope baseline involves the:
Project Manager and project office, PM & Sponsor, Functional
Team
>>>>
Mgmt. has decided to
"crash" a project in order to avoid penalty payments for late
deliveries. Additional costs are expected. To crash the project, either
overtime or additional resources should be assigned to:
Those activities on the critical path beginning with the longest
time duration activities.
( Is Not only for activities with the longest time durations)
>>>>
The major difference
between PERT and CPM networks is:
PERT requires three time estimates, whereas CPM requires one
time estimate.
>>>>
Once a logic of a
network is laid out, the project manager will conduct a forward pass and then a
backward pass thru the network. Doing this will provide information on the
___________ and identification of the _________.
Slack for each activity, critical path.
>>>>>
Assigning resources is
an attempt to find the shortest project schedule consistent with fixed resource
limits is called __________________.
Resource-constrained scheduling. (not resource
leveling/partitioning/quantification)
>>>>
In the Arrow
Diagramming Method (ADM), ________ do not consume time or resources.
Events ( not Activities
/ Slack Elements)
>>>>
Among the common types of schedules are Gantt
charts, milestone charts, line of balance, and : Networks ( not Time phased
events/ calendar integrated activities)
>>>>
Which of the following
is / are typical tools of statistical process control?
Pareto Analysis / Cause & Effect Analysis / Process Control
Charts
>>>
The specification for a
particular part is 10" 0.015". The associated process produces parts
with the mean of 10" and a standard deviation of 0.002". The process
capability index is:
2.5
>>>>
Which of the following
is / are part of the criteria by which a company is evaluated for the Malcolm
Baldrige award?
Biz Result , Information Analysis, Leadership & Strategic
planning
>>>>
Which of the quality
gurus believed "Zero Defects " is achievable.
Crosby ( what about
Taguchi ? Juran ? )
>>>>>>
A work breakdown
structure is most useful for:
identifying individual tasks for a project, developing a cost
estimate (not scheduling start of tasks/ determining potential delays)
>>>>>>>>>>
The primary
consideration of product management is to know the _____.
functionality the product will provide over its useful life
>>>>>